Spanish 101 · Chapter 4
¿Cómo es tu familia?
Name relatives and relationships; use tener + noun idioms (tener hambre, tener razón); master present-tense stem changes (e→ie, e→i, o→ue); build reflexive routines (levantarse, acostarse).
Capítulo Preliminar is free — no account needed.
What you'll learn
- Family members and relationships
- Tener + noun idioms (hunger, sleep, fear, age, etc.)
- Stem-changing verbs in the present (e→ie, o→ue, e→i)
- Reflexive verbs and daily routines
Grammar spotlight
Tener + noun replaces many English “to be + adjective” patterns: Tengo hambre (I am hungry), Tiene frío (He/She is cold). Tener años expresses age: Tengo diecinueve años.
Stem-changing verbs keep the change in stressed syllables of “short” forms (singular and ellos/ellas/ustedes) but often restore the infinitive vowel in nosotros/nosotras: pierdo vs. perdemos.
Reflexive pronouns (me, te, se, nos, os, se) show the subject acts on itself: Me levanto temprano. Infinitives and commands can stack the pronoun: Voy a levantarme; ¡Levántate!
Try a question
Sample question
Which form is correct for “we get up early”?
Related grammar topics
Drill these in Chapurra before your next quiz.